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| 五味子诱导下珊瑚状猴头菌GABA合成调控机理研究 |
| Research on the Regulatory Mechanism of GABA Synthesis in Hericium coralloides Induced by Schisandra |
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| DOI：doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-7021.2026.03.007 |
| 中文关键词: 珊瑚状猴头菌（Hericium coralloides） 五味子（Schisandra chinensis （Turcz.）Baill.） γ-氨基丁酸 转录组 调控机理 |
| 英文关键词: Hericium coralloides Schisandra chinensis （Turcz.）Baill. γ-aminobutyric acid transcriptome regulatory mechanism |
| 基金项目:辽宁省科学技术厅应用基础研究计划项目（2025JH2/101300090）；辽宁省农业科学院院长基金项目（2024QN1810）；辽宁珍稀食用菌高效栽培关键技术协同创新项目（2024XTCX0403） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 挖掘五味子（Schisandra chinensis （Turcz.）Baill.）诱导环境下珊瑚状猴头菌（Hericium coralloides）在不同生长阶段产生γ-氨基丁酸（γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA）过程中基因的表达。以珊瑚状猴头菌RT25为研究对象，通过设置五味子实验组和对照组，对比分析了五味子诱导下菌株RT25菌丝体生长状态及原基、子实体各项指标，利用转录组学技术分析菌株RT25在不同生长发育阶段的差异基因表达及相关富集途径。研究结果表明，与对照组相比，五味子实验组菌株RT25发酵液菌球表现出更高的均匀性与密度；实验组菌株RT25菌丝生长速率、原基形成及生物学效率等指标均显著提升；转录组研究结果表明，在菌株RT25菌丝体发酵阶段，五味子通过上调菌株RT25 DN344基因表达，增强谷氨酸脱氢酶活性，使L-谷氨酸水平升高，从而促进GABA含量增加；在原基形成期，五味子诱导菌株RT25 DN3464基因表达上调，提高谷氨酸脱羧酶活性，进而提升GABA的生物合成效率；在子实体成熟期，菌株RT25 DN344基因表达上调，谷氨酸脱氢酶活性增强，L-谷氨酸含量增加，而 DN3464基因表达水平及谷氨酸脱羧酶活性保持稳定，γ-氨基丁酸转氨酶活性增强，最终使菌株RT25GABA含量上升。五味子通过调控菌株RT25细胞内的信号传导通路，影响其GABA合成相关基因的表达，进而调节其GABA代谢通路相关酶的活性，促进谷氨酸向GABA转化，最终提高GABA的产量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The gene expression in Hericium coralloideson the process of producing γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was investigated under Schisandra chinensis （Turcz.）Baill. induction environment at different growth stages. H. coralloides RT25 was used in this research. The H. coralloides RT25 growth state of the fermentation mycelium and the primordium, the various indicators of the fruiting body were compared and analyzed between the experimental group with Schisandra and the control group without Schisandra. Transcriptome sequencing technology was used to analyze the differentially expressed genes and related enrichment pathways of H. coralloidesat different growth and development stages. The results showed that the fermentation broth mycelial pellets of the Schisandra group had higher uniformity and density than those of the control group. The fruiting body of the Schisandra group showed significant improvement in mycelium growth rate, primordium formation and biological efficiency. Transcriptome study showed that the DN344 gene expression of H. coralloides RT25 with Schisandra group was up-regulated during the mycelium fermentation stage, and the activity of glutamic acid dehydrogenase was enhanced, resulting in the increase of L-glutamic acid, thereby promoting the increase of GABA content. The DN3464 gene expression of H. coralloidesRT25 with Schisandra induction was up-regulated in the primordium formation period, and the activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase was improved, leading to improve the biological synthesis efficiency of GABA. The DN344 gene expression was up-regulated in the fruiting body maturity, the glutamic acid dehydrogenase activity was enhanced, and the L-glutamic acid content increased while the expression level of DN3464 gene and the activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase remained stable, and the activity of γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase was enhanced, which finally led to the increase of GABA content. Schisandra regulates the signal transduction pathway in cells, affects the expression of the related genes for GABA synthesis, and then regulates the activity of enzymes related to the GABA metabolic pathway, promotes the conversion of glutamic acid to GABA, finally improves the yield of GABA. |
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