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| 野生和种植北五味子木脂素-根际微生物群落-土壤理化因子的相关性研究 |
| Correlation Analysis on the Lignan-Rhizosphere Microbial Communities-Soil Physicochemical Properties in Wild and Cultivated Schisandra chinensis |
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| DOI：doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-7021.2026.02.007 |
| 中文关键词: 野生 种植 北五味子 木脂素 根际微生物 土壤理化因子 |
| 英文关键词: wild cultivated Schisandra chinensis lignan rhizosphere microorganism physicochemical properties |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2021E091)；黑龙江省中医药管理局青年中医药科研项目(ZHY2024-285)；黑龙江省中医药管理局中医药科研项目(ZHY2024-106) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 34 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对北方野生组（MT）和种植组（ZT）的北五味子（Schisandra chinensis）进行研究，利用高通量测序技术解析根际土壤微生物的群落结构及潜在功能菌群，结合北五味子主要药效物质木脂素含量变化，以及北五味子生长区域土壤理化指标全磷(TP)、全钾(TK)、全氮(TN)、总有机碳(TOC)、有机质(Som)等的检测结果，探究北五味子木脂素-根际微生物-土壤性质之间的影响因素及相关性，为解析北五味子木脂素代谢机制，提高主要药效物质的积累，有效提升种植品种药用价值提供理论依据。研究结果显示，野生北五味子的木脂素含量显著高于种植北五味子，野生五味子醇甲、五味子酯甲与五味子乙素的含量高于种植的北五味子近1倍；野生北五味子根际土壤中的TP、TK、TN、Som含量分别高于种植北五味子约1.5倍、2.6倍、7倍和9倍；大量氮元素的存在使RB41属和盖勒氏菌属（Gaiella）的相对丰度增加，大量的有机质会促进分枝杆菌属（Mycobacterium）的富集，以上三种菌群均与北五味子木脂素含量呈正相关，从而导致了野生的木脂素含量高于种植的北五味子；镰刀菌属（Fusarium）、新从赤壳属（Neonectria）、无梗孢属（Trichocladium）和被孢霉属（Mortierella）与北五味子中的木脂素含量呈正相关；土壤含水率与北五味子木脂素含量呈显著正相关，土壤TP、TK、TN、Som和北五味子木脂素呈正相关；土壤pH是影响北五味子根际土壤微生物群落的重要因素，与北五味子木脂素含量呈显著负相关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study conducted a comparative investigation on wild (MT) and cultivated (ZT) Schisandra chinensis in northern China. Utilizing high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the rhizosphere soil microbial community structure and potential functional microbiota. This was integrated with the quantification of the primary medicinal component, lignans, and the determination of soil physicochemical properties, including total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), and soil organic matter (Som). The research aimed to elucidate the interrelationships among lignan content, rhizosphere microorganisms, and soil properties, thereby providing theoretical insights into the metabolic mechanisms of lignans in S. chinensis and enhancing the medicinal value of cultivated varieties. The results demonstrated that wild samples exhibited significantly higher lignan content than cultivated samples, with schizandrin, schisantherin A, and γ-schizandrin concentrations nearly double in wild samples. The rhizosphere soil of wild samples showed substantially higher nutrient levels, with TK, TP, TN, and Som contents approximately 1.5, 2.6, 7, and 9 times greater than those in cultivated samples, respectively. The abundance of nitrogen significantly increased the relative abundance of RB41 and Gaiella, while elevated soil organic matter promoted the enrichment of Mycobacterium. These three microbial groups showed positive correlations with lignan content, potentially explaining the superior lignan accumulation in wild samples. Furthermore, Fusarium, Neonectria, Trichocladium, and Mortierella demonstrated positive correlations with lignan content. Soil moisture content showed a significant positive correlation with lignan accumulation, as did TP, TK, TN, and Som. Notably, soil pH emerged as a crucial factor influencing the rhizosphere microbial community, exhibiting a significant negative correlation with lignan content. |
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