| To investigate the bacterial diversity in typical arid environments of the Turpan Basin and elucidate the distribution characteristics of potential radiation-resistant microbial communities, this study systematically collected 45 representative samples from three different regions within the area. High-throughput sequencing was performed using the Illumina NovaSeq platform for comprehensive analysis. The results demonstrated that soil samples from the three regions were characterized by high levels of drought stress, salinity, and nutrient deficiency. Microbial diversity analysis revealed that the Chao1 index in TKS samples was significantly higher than in HYS and KMTG region samples (P<0.05); whereas no significant differences were observed in the Shannon and Simpson indices among regional samples (P>0.05). A total of 78 bacterial phyla and 907 genera were identified across the arid environment samples, with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, and Bacteroidota being the dominant phyla, collectively comprising over 70% of the community composition. Unclassified bacterial phyla across all regions accounted for 4.27% to 8.77%. A total of 67 radiation-resistant bacterial genera were identified, encompassing 387 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Methylobacterium, Acinetobacter, Sphingomonas, Pantoea, and Rubrobacter were the most abundant genera, contributing to 53.54% of the relative abundance of potential radiation-resistant genera. The typical radiation-resistant genera Deinococcus and Truepera collectively had 39 OTUs, with 50% of Deinococcus OTUs showing less than 97% homology, and 21 OTUs of Truepera remaining unassignable at the species level. This research demonstrates that the arid environment of the Turpan Basin harbors a wealth of radiation-resistant microorganisms, offering a significant theoretical foundation for further investigation into these organisms in this region. |
