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| 陕北地区苹果树根内细菌多样性分析 |
| Diversity Analysis of Endoradical Bacteria of Apple Trees in Northern Shaanxi Region |
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| DOI：doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-7021.2023.02.009 |
| 中文关键词: 高通量测序 陕北苹果 树根 内生细菌 群落多样性 |
| 英文关键词: high-throughput sequencing apple of northern Shaanxi root endophytic bacteria community diversity |
| 基金项目:陕西省县域重点科技项目(2018XY-14); 陕西省科技惠民计划项目(2014HM-14); 2019年延安市科技局园区与县域特色经济创新链项目(2019ZDQY-035); 延安市生物资源开发与利用科技创新团队专项基金；2019年陕西省农业厅农业绿色技术研发集成项目；2019年第八批陕西省省级农业标准化示范区项目；陕西省教育厅服务地方专项计划项目(20JC037) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以延安市4个不同县区苹果树根为研究对象，分析苹果树根内生细菌的群落组成和多样性，揭示内生细菌的群落结构及多样性差异。采用高通量测序技术分析4个不同县区苹果树根内生细菌16S rRNA基因V3~V4 变异区序列，使用生物信息学方法分析其内生细菌的群落结构及多样性。结果表明，测序共获得994 571条有效序列，在97%一致性下共产生1 559个有效的操作分类单元(operational taxonomic uunits，OTUs)。在门水平上，4个样地苹果树根内生细菌群落组成中共有的优势类群分别为放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)，其相对丰富度分别为33.1%~60.7%和30.9%~61.6%；属水平上的优势菌属为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、诺卡氏菌属(Nocardioides)、叶杆菌属(Phyllobacterium)、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)、农杆菌属(Agrobacterium)和贪噬菌属(Variovorax)。Alpha多样性和Beta多样性分析表明，宜川县(YC)的Chao1指数(433.54)和Shannon指数(6.45)最大，基于韦恩图分析4个样地苹果树根内生细菌群落存在354个共有OTUs，延长县(YS)、宝塔区(BT)、宜川县(YC)、洛川县(LC)独有苹果树根内生细菌群落的OTUs分别为378、430、486和477。典范对应分析(Canonical Correlation Analysis, CCA)结果表明，土壤pH是影响4个样地苹果树根内生细菌的群落多样性变化的主要因素。4个样地苹果树根内生细菌种类丰富，但群落结构组成和丰富度的差异不明显，功能预测分析表明无论是Level 1还是Level 2，均未发现显著性差异的代谢通路，此结果表明苹果树根系招募了特异型有益的内生细菌菌群。本研究可为苹果树根内生细菌菌种资源的开发和应用提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Apple roots from four different counties and districts in northern Shaanxi were chosen as research object to analyze the community structure and endophytic bacteria diversity. The variation domains of 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 from four different counties and districts associated to apple was sequenced adopting high-throughput next-generation sequencing, and the community structure and diversity of endoradical bacteria of four different counties and districts were analyzed using bioinformatic approach. A total of 994 571 effective sequences were obtained by sequencing and produced a total of 1 559 valid OTUs (operational taxonomic units) under 97% consistency of. The dominant phylum of endoradical bacteria in the four apple production origins were Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria with relative abundances at 33.1%-60.7% and 30.9%-61.6% respectively. The dominant genera were Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter, Streptomyces, Nocardioides, Phyllobacterium, Flavobacterium, Agrobacterium and Variovorax. The Chao1 index (433.54) and Shannon index (6.45) in Yichuan County were the highest by α-diversity and β-diversity analyses. Based on Venn diagram analysis of OTUs, there are 354 OTUs of endoradical bacterial community, and the unique OTUs of endoradical bacterial community in Yanchang County, Baota district, Yichuan County, and Luncheon County are respectively 378, 430, 486, and 477. The results of Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that soil pH were the major factors to affect the community changes of the diversity in the four places of production origin of apple tree endoradical bacteria. The categories of apple tree endoradical bacteria in four places of production origin were abundant, however, the difference of endoradical bacterial structure and composition were not obvious. In addition, the functional prediction analysis showed that there were no significant differences found in metabolic pathways without exception, this results indicated that the apple trees recruit specific beneficial endoradical bacteria in their root system. This study might provide theoretical support for the development and production application of apple tree endoradical bacterial strains seeds resources. |
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