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| 淡水小球藻分离培养及其对水体辛硫磷的降解功能研究 |
| Isolation, Cultivation and Phoxim Degradation Effect of Fresh Water Microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa |
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| DOI：doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-7021.2022.04.003 |
| 中文关键词: 蛋白核小球藻 辛硫磷 高效液相色谱法 生物降解 吸附 水体修复 |
| 英文关键词: Chlorella pyrenoidosa phoxim high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) biodegradation adsorption remediation of waters |
| 基金项目:财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目（CARS-45-19） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了研究微藻对水体有机磷农药的降解和积累效果，从自然水体中富集纯化得到一株蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)，以该藻细胞为研究对象，以水产养殖中常用的有机磷杀虫剂辛硫磷为实验药物，通过高效液相色谱法研究了蛋白核小球藻对辛硫磷的富集和降解效果。结果显示，富集纯化藻细胞通过显微镜检与分子生物学检测鉴定为蛋白核小球藻，命名为MH-1。急毒性试验表明，辛硫磷浓度在高于2.0 μg/mL时才会对MH-1生长产生显著抑制作用，表现在叶绿素含量与生物量显著下降。在2.0 μg/mL及以下浓度辛硫磷存在的水体中，MH-1具有降解辛硫磷的功能，在0.2 μg/mL和2.0 μg/mL浓度组中，5 d内的辛硫磷净降解率分别为49.66%和39.61%，日平均降解速率分别为0.02 μg/mL和0.38 μg/mL。MH-1对辛硫磷也有一定的富集能力，72 h内MH-1对辛硫磷的富集呈现先升高后降低的趋势，120 h时MH-1对0.2 μg/mL和2.0 μg/mL的辛硫磷富集量分别为0.16 mg/g FW(Fresh weight,FW)和0.25 mg/g FW。结果表明，MH-1对辛硫磷具有良好的吸附效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to study on the effects of microalgae on the degradation and accumulation of organophosphorus pesticides in waters, a Chlorella pyrenoidosa strain was enriched and purified from natural waters and was subjected to evaluate its effects on the enrichment and degradation of organophosphorus insecticide phoxim by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that algae isolated through enrichment and purification was identified as Chlorella proteinosa by microscopic examination and molecular biological identification, and named as MH-1. Acute toxicity test showed that when the concentration of phoxim was higher than 2.0 μg/mL the growth of algae C. proteinosa was significantly inhibited, characterized by significant reduction of chlorophyll content and biomass. When the concentration of phoxim was at 2.0 μg/mL and below in the waters the algae strain had the function of phoxim degradation. The degradation rate of phoxim at 0.2 μg/mL and 2.0 μg/mL concentration groups within five days the net degradation rate of phoxim was 49.66% and 39.61% respectively, with daily average degradation ratio at 0.02 μg/mL and 0.38 μg/mL. The algae strain had also an enrichment capacity of phoxim. Within 72 hours the enrichment of phoxim in C. proteinosa MH-1 assumed as first increases and then decreased, and the enriched volume of phoxim at 0.2 μg/mL and 2.0 μg/mL by MH-1 within 120 h was 0.16 mg/g FW and 0.25 mg/g FW respectively. The results indicated that MH-1 had fine efficiency in phoxim absorption. |
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