文章摘要
诱变选育法夫酵母耐热突变株及基因组变异检测
Heat-Resistant Mutants Breeding of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous Using Mutagenesis and Variation Detection of Its Genome
  
DOI:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-7021.2022.03.003
中文关键词: 虾青素  法夫酵母  诱变  发酵  比较基因组
英文关键词: astaxanthin  Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous  mutagenicity  fermentation  comparative genome
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1406805);辽宁省教育厅项目(J2020097);大连市科技之星项目(2019RQ099)
作者单位
梁紫涵 大连工业大学 生物学院辽宁 大连 116034 
刘诗文 大连工业大学 生物学院辽宁 大连 116034 
申镕宾 大连工业大学 生物学院辽宁 大连 116034 
刘冰南 大连工业大学 生物学院辽宁 大连 116034 
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中文摘要:
      法夫酵母(Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous)发酵生产虾青素中存在发酵温度低的主要问题。为了获得耐中温的突变菌株,应用化学诱变,筛选能在25 ℃下生产虾青素且稳定遗传的耐热突变菌株,进一步通过基因组重测序,对突变菌株进行变异检测。筛选出一株法夫酵母突变株YB25,其生长温度为25 ℃,经五代培养后虾青素产量无显著差异。在培养120 h后,YB25的虾青素产量达到237.19 μg/g,比野生型提高29%。通过比较基因组分析,获得了YB25的遗传图谱和遗传变异结果,检测到单核苷酸多态性位点数626个,小片段的插入和缺失序列数184个,结构变异数703个,基因组片段的拷贝数变异293个。通过对变异基因分析发现,脂代谢相关基因及虾青素合成酶基因的变异可能是突变菌株中温高产虾青素的原因。
英文摘要:
      Low fermentation temperature was the existing main problem in the production of astaxanthin by Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous. In order to obtain a mutant strain with moderate temperature tolerance, chemical mutagenesis was applied in this study to screen a heat-resistant mutant strain that could produce astaxanthin at 25 ℃ and had stable inheritance. The mutation of the mutant strain was further detected by genome resequencing. In this study, a mutant strain of X. dendrorhous YB25 was screened and its growth temperature was 25 ℃. After five generations of culture, astaxanthin yield had no significant difference. After 120 h of culture, astaxanthin yield of YB25 reached 237.19 μg/g, 29% higher than that of wild type. By comparative genomic analysis, the genetic atlas and genetic variation results of YB25 were obtained. 626 SNPs, 184 insertions and deletions of small fragments, 703 structural variations, and 293 copy number variations of genome fragments were detected. Through analyses of the mutant genes, it was found that the variation of the genes related to lipid metabolism and astaxanthin synthase might be the reason for the high astaxanthin yield at medium temperature.
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