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| 高毒力A组链球菌致病机制研究进展 |
| Advances in Pathogenic Mechanism of Hypervirulent Group A Streptococcus |
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| DOI：doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-7021.2021.02.012 |
| 中文关键词: A组链球菌 高毒力株 侵袭性感染 covRS突变 超抗原 |
| 英文关键词: group A Streptococcus hypervirulent strains invasive infection covRS mutation superantigen |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(81571957)；黑龙江省政府博士后资助项目(LBH-Z17154)；黑龙江省卫生计生委课题(2018-473) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| A组链球菌（Group A Streptococcus，GAS）常导致咽炎和皮肤感染，也能引起严重侵袭性感染。根据其表面M蛋白编码基因emm可将GAS分为200多型，严重侵袭性感染多由高毒力株引起，以emm1、emm3、emm12、emm28和emm89型常见。研究发现高毒力GAS株中covRS基因突变可导致细菌逃逸固有免疫防御以及侵袭血管；SpeB的表达下调影响GAS侵袭；高毒力株表达的超抗原（Superantigens，SAgs）能够过度激活T细胞，加剧宿主炎症反应；M1蛋白诱导产生的肝素结合蛋白可造成血管渗漏，加速向全身侵袭。总结了近年来在高毒力GAS致病机制方面的研究进展，以期为GAS严重侵袭性感染的预防和治疗提供新的思路。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Group A Streptococcus (GAS) often causes pharyngitis and skin infections, and even causes severe invasive infection. GAS has over 200 types according to its different emm coded gene of surface M protein. Most severe invasive infections are caused by hypervirulent strains, taking emm1, emm3, emm12, emm28, and emm89 as common types. Study on covRS gene mutation in hypervirulent GAS strains could cause the bacteria to escape the innate immune defense and invade blood vessels. The down-regulation of SpeB expression affects GAS invasion. Superantigens (SAgs) expressed by hypervirulent strains could over-activate T cells and exacerbate the host inflammatory response. Heparin-binding protein induced by M1 protein could cause vascular leakage and accelerate systemic invasion. In this paper advances in pathogenetic mechanism of hypervirulent GAS were summarized so as to provide new idea to the prevention and therapy of the invasive infection caused by hypervirulent GAS. |
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