文章摘要
外加碳源对蚯蚓-污泥系统细菌群落结构的影响
Effects of Additional Carbon Source on Bacterial Community Structure of Earthworm-Sludge System
  
DOI:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-7021.2019.05.008
中文关键词: 蚯蚓  碳源  污泥  蚓粪  细菌多样性与群落结构
英文关键词: earthworm  carbon sources  sludge  earthworm feces  bacterial diversities and community structure
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31570541)
作者单位
李春蕊 青岛理工大学 环境与市政工程学院山东 青岛 266033 
徐敏 青岛市市容环境卫生管理中心 山东 青岛 266073 
宋志文 青岛理工大学 环境与市政工程学院山东 青岛 266033 
梁沪莲 青岛理工大学 环境与市政工程学院山东 青岛 266033 
徐爱玲 青岛理工大学 环境与市政工程学院山东 青岛 266033 
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中文摘要:
      蚯蚓是土壤生态系统中有机物质的重要分解者,并可通过物理运动和排泄蚓粪改变土壤的微生物群落组成。为研究蚓粪与污泥中微生物的相互关系,利用赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)和人工湿地基质构建蚯蚓 污泥系统,采用高通量测序技术比较分析添加葡萄糖、乳糖、淀粉、纤维素4种碳源后污泥和蚓粪的细菌多样性及群落结构变化。结果表明,污泥的Chao和ACE指数明显高于蚓粪,添加不同碳源实验组间污泥的Chao和ACE指数差别不大,但均高于污泥对照组;添加葡萄糖、淀粉和纤维素实验组间蚓粪的Chao和ACE指数相近且高于蚯蚓对照组,乳糖实验组蚓粪的Chao和ACE指数则明显低于蚓粪对照组。添加葡萄糖、乳糖、淀粉和纤维素能够增加污泥中细菌多样性;添加葡萄糖、淀粉和纤维素能够增加蚓粪中细菌多样性,但添加乳糖会导致蚓粪中细菌多样性降低。蚓粪与污泥细菌群落结构组成存在明显差异,污泥中变形菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门、芽单胞菌门为优势菌门;除乳糖组外,蚓粪中变形菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门、疣微菌门为优势菌门(其中变形菌门和拟杆菌门占绝对优势),蚓粪乳糖组检测到柔膜菌门(2.6%),其他实验组均未检出。添加碳源后,污泥和蚓粪中能分解相应碳源的菌群增加,如葡萄糖实验组Lactococcus piscium,乳糖组Flavobacterium reichenbachii,淀粉组Alkanindiges illinoisensisZobellella taiwanensis,纤维素组Cellvibrio gandavensis等。
英文摘要:
      Earthworms are important decomposers of organic matter in soil ecosystem, they can change the formation of microbial community of soil by physical movement and excretion of earthworm feces. In order to study the mutual relationship between microorganisms in earthworm feces and sludge, in this study, Illumina MiSeq high throughput sequencing was used to compare and analyse the bacterial diversity and community structure changes of the sludge and earthworm feces system constructed with Eisenia foetida and sludge established with artificial wetlands matrix adding four carbon sources of glucose, lactose, starch, and cellulose. The results showed that the Chao and ACE indices of sludge were significantly higher than those of earthworm feces, and the Chao and ACE indices of the sludge adding four different carbon sources experimental groups had little difference but higher than those of control group; the Chao and ACE indices of the earthworm feces with glucose, starch, and cellulose were close to those of the control group, but the Chao and ACE indices of the earthworm feces added with lactose resulted in a descent of bacterial diversity. The formation of bacterial structure of earthworm feces and sludge had significant differences, the phyla of Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, Firmicutes, Actinomycetes, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes were the dominant bacterial phyla in sludge; except for lactose group, the phyla of Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, Firmicutes, Actinomycetes, and Verrumicrobium were the dominant phyla in earthworm feces (among them, the phyla of Proteobacteria, Bacteroides were the absolutely dominant), and the phylum of Mollicutes was detected in earthworm feces lactose group (2.6%), while in other experiment groups had no detected. After adding carbon sources the bacterial communities that could decompose corresponding carbon source increased, for example, Lactococcus piscium in glucose group, Flavobacterium reichenbachii in lactose group, Alkanindiges illinoisensis and Zobellellla taiwanensis in stratch group, and Cellvibrio gandavensis in cellulose group etc.
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