文章摘要
芽孢与芽胞
The Chinese translation of endospore
  
DOI:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-7021.2016.01.013
中文关键词: 芽孢  芽胞  微生物学  教学  科研
英文关键词: spore  endospore  microbiology  education  research
基金项目:国家精品课程建设项目(20150602);浙江大学实验教学改革(S2014002)资助项目
作者单位
吴根福 浙江大学 生命科学学院浙江 杭州 310058 
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中文摘要:
      在微生物的教学和科研过程中,“芽孢”和“芽胞”两种表述常常混用,造成了概念混乱,有必要对这一问题展开深入的讨论。从DNA的复制和传递、芽孢的分化和成熟等过程来看,芽孢形成过程是一个繁殖的过程;从芽孢的形状、大小、化学组成、结构和抗性等特性来看,芽孢与放线菌和霉菌的孢子更相近,而与营养细胞差距较大。通过综合比较,作者认为“芽孢”是比“芽胞”更科学的称谓。
英文摘要:
      The Chinese translation of endospore confuses us much, and a clear and accurate translation is anticipated. Given that the chromosome is replicated and resides in both compartments (mother cell and spore) and multiple stages of differentiation and maturation, it is evident that the endospore formation is a propagation process. In addition, characteristics of endospore, such as the form, the volume, the chemical composition, the structure and resistance to harsh environments, are similar to those of spores from actinomyces and mold, but distinct from bacterial vegetative cells. In a summary, it is suggested that ‘芽孢’ is a translation more scientifically sound than ‘芽胞’for endospore.
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